•  
  •  
 

Keywords

electric vehicle battery swapping station; battery swapping service; battery’s state of health; frequencyregulation service; battery’s state of charge

Abstract

As fast energy supply stations, electric vehicle （EV） battery swapping stations （BSS） meet EV energy demand and support power system frequency regulation services.To address the issues of EV scheduling and participation in grid FM, a two-phase EV BSS frequency regulation optimal scheduling strategy considering the user swapping adaptive model is proposed, aiming to improve the BSS economy.Firstly, a price mechanism model is designed for battery swapping at the BSS.A swapping adaptive model is built based on the battery's state of charge （SOC）, the battery ’s state of health （SOH）, and the user ’s satisfaction.Then, the BSS cluster is modeled to participate in frequency regulation （FR）, and a two-stage operation strategy is developed.The day-ahead strategy focuses on the optimal operation economy and arranges the battery charging plan and the frequency regulation plan, including the adjustable capacity calculation of the BSS and the power allocation of the battery packs.The intra-day strategy ensures the coordination between the battery swapping service and the FR service based on the real-time data ’s power allocation decision of the FR signals, with the goal of maximizing the net revenue.Simulation shows that this strategy effectively improves the operation economy while ensuring the battery swapping demand.

DOI

10.19781/j.issn.1673-9140.2025.05.010

First Page

98

Last Page

109

Download

Share

COinS