Secondary frequency regulation control and economic evaluation method for energy storage stations considering active state-of-charge recovery

Authors

• Cuomu Yixi, Economic and Technological Research Institute ， State Grid Xizang Electric Power Co .， Ltd.， Lhasa 850010， China
• Zhuangxi Tan, School of Information and Electrical Engineering ， Hunan University of Science and Technology ， Xiangtan 411201， ChinaFollow
• Lamu Jiayang, Economic and Technological Research Institute ， State Grid Xizang Electric Power Co .， Ltd.， Lhasa 850010， China
• Yuzhou Chen, Economic and Technological Research Institute ， State Grid Xizang Electric Power Co .， Ltd.， Lhasa 850010， China
• Li He, School of Information and Electrical Engineering ， Hunan University of Science and Technology ， Xiangtan 411201， China
• Keke Yan, China Energy Engineering Group Hunan Electric Power Design Institute Co .， Ltd.， Changsha 410007， China

Keywords

energy storage station, secondary frequency regulation, state of charge, frequency regulationperformance, economic evaluation

Abstract

A secondary frequency regulation control strategy and an economic evaluation method that accounts for active state-of-charge (SOC) recovery were proposed for energy storage stations to improve their frequency regulation performance and cost-effectiveness in secondary frequency regulation. First, the control principles of large-scale energy storage stations in secondary frequency regulation were described, and their power support requirements were analyzed. A frequency support strategy that combines area control error (ACE) and area regulation requirement (ARR) was proposed for energy storage stations. Second, the decoupling characteristics between system frequency support requirements and active SOC recovery requirements were analyzed. Based on active SOC recovery scenarios for energy storage, an additional control strategy for active SOC recovery was proposed, in which the recovery process is made consistent with system frequency regulation requirements to reduce the uncertainty introduced into the system. Third, in order to comprehensively and quantitatively analyze the frequency regulation contribution of energy storage itself and the impact of frequency regulation losses, while taking into account the secondary frequency regulation support energy of energy storage, an energy storage operation life and economic evaluation model was constructed. Through quantitative analysis, the effects of the proposed method on the cycle life and calendar life of energy storage systems were evaluated, thus addressing limitations in existing research. Finally, simulation studies were conducted under step disturbances, typical-day continuous fluctuations, and different initial SOC values. The results show that the proposed method improves the secondary frequency regulation performance of energy storage stations, reduces the risk of SOC exceeding its limits, makes the frequency support capability more stable, and enhances the economic benefits of energy storage stations in secondary frequency regulation.

DOI

10.19781/j.issn.1673-9140.2026.03.019

First Page

197

Last Page

208

Recommended Citation

Yixi, Cuomu; Tan, Zhuangxi; Jiayang, Lamu; Chen, Yuzhou; He, Li; and Yan, Keke (2026) "Secondary frequency regulation control and economic evaluation method for energy storage stations considering active state-of-charge recovery," Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology: Vol. 41: Iss. 3, Article 19.
DOI: 10.19781/j.issn.1673-9140.2026.03.019
Available at: https://jepst.researchcommons.org/journal/vol41/iss3/19